MS培養基

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MS培養基成分mg / L：
MS培養基中的大量元素
硝酸銨1650.000
氯化鈣332.200
硫酸鎂180.690
硝酸鉀1900.000
一元磷酸鉀170.000
MS培養基中的微量元素：
硼酸               6.200
六水合氯化鈷 0.025
五水合硫酸銅  0.025
EDTA二鈉二水合物鹽37.300
七水硫酸亞鐵  27.800
一水硫酸錳     16.900
鉬酸（鈉鹽）  0.213
碘化鉀            0.830
七水合硫酸鋅  8.600
MS培養基中的維生素：
肌醇                     100.000
煙酸（游離酸）     0.500
鹽酸吡哆醇            0.500
鹽酸硫胺素            0.100
MS培養基中的氨基酸 
甘氨酸                   2.000
總計（克/升）        4.4

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使用MS培養基注意事項：
•添加之前，確保培養基的pH合適膠凝劑，因為酸性pH值會導致膠凝減少產生半固體流動的凝膠，而堿性pH值會導致形成硬化的凝膠。
•使用蒸餾水/組織培養級水是建議用于自來水或更低的介質制備等級的水可能導致鹽分沉淀和不合適凝膠化。
•避免制備濃縮液，因為這會導致沉淀鹽。

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MS培養基使用指導：
•通過添加所需量的粉末占總體積的三分之二，保持恒定，溫和攪拌直至培養基完全溶解。
•高壓滅菌前添加熱穩定劑
•用蒸餾水補足最終培養基所需的體積。
•使用1M NaOH溶液 /將培養基的pH調節至5.75±0.5鹽酸。
•加入膠凝劑并將介質加熱至沸騰膠凝劑完全溶解。
•通過在15 lbs和121°C下高壓滅菌來滅菌培養基15分鐘。
•添加熱不穩定產品前，需將高壓滅菌的介質冷卻至約45°C熱。
•在無菌條件下分配所需量的培養基無菌培養皿中的層流氣流單元。

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MS Medium Description : Murashige and Skoog Medium (MS) was originally formulated by Murashige and Skoog in 1962 to optimize tobacco callus bioassay system for facilitating the study of cytokinins. Since then, it is widely used for micro propagation, organ culture, callus culture and suspension culture. The formulation is a nutrient blend of inorganic salts, vitamins and amino acid. Murashige and Skoog Medium (MS) provides all the essential macroelements and microelements. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate serves as a source of phosphate. Microelements like Boron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Copper and Zinc play vital role in plant metabolism. Boron plays a key role in carbohydrate metabolism. Thiamine, nicotinic acid, pyridoxine, inositol act as enzymatic cofactors in universal pathways including glycolysis and TCA cycle along with primary and secondary metabolism in the plants. Glycine serves as a source of amino acid.

Plant tissue culture for biotechnologyPrakash P. Kumar, Chiang Shiong Loh, in Plant Biotechnology and Agriculture, 2012.

Summary:Plant tissue culture involves excising plant tissues and growing them on nutrient media. It is used rather broadly to include several variations, such as meristem culture for propagation of virus-free plants, protoplast culture, cell suspension culture, tissue and organ culture, and anther or pollen culture for producing haploid plants. This chapter focuses on various technical aspects of plant tissue culture. A suitable explant is selected and prepared for culture, and later incubated on an appropriate nutrient medium for growth and differentiation. The basic laboratory setup, handling of explant tissue, nutrient medium and establishing the culture, and incubation of cultures are also discussed in this study. A laboratory that can handle plant biochemistry or physiology-type experiments meets most of the general requirements of plant tissue culture. It is a valuable tool for research on morphogenesis, cell signaling, physiology, and molecular biology, as well as crop improvement by biotechnology. The implications of plant tissue culture technology for agricultural biotechnology is immense.

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